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Xiao Ke Qing improves glycometabolism and ameliorates insulin resistance by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway

Xiaoqing Li, Xinxin Li, Genbei Wang, Yan Xu, Yuanyuan Wang, Ruijia Hao, Xiaohui Ma

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第6期   页码 688-696 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0662-8

摘要:

Xiao Ke Qing (XKQ) granule has been clinically used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for 10 years in Chinese traditional medication. However, its mechanisms against hyperglycemia remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate XKQ mechanisms on diabetes and diabetic liver disease by using the KKAy mice model. Our results indicate that XKQ can significantly reduce food and water intake. XKQ treatment also remarkably decreases both the fasting blood glucose and blood glucose in the oral glucose tolerance test. Additionally, XKQ can significantly decrease the serum alanine aminotransferase level and liver index and can alleviate the fat degeneration in liver tissues. Moreover, XKQ can ameliorate insulin resistance and upregulate the expression of IRS-1, PI3K (p85), p-Akt, and GLUT4 in the skeletal muscle of KKAy mice. XKQ is an effective drug for T2DM by ameliorating insulin resistance and regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the skeletal muscle.

关键词: XKQ     type 2 diabetes mellitus     KKAy mice     PI3K/Akt pathway     diabetic liver disease    

Ultraviolet-B induced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, transferrin receptor through EGFR/PI3K/AKT/DEC1 pathway

LI Yanhua, BI Zhigang

《医学前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 79-86 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0016-4

摘要: The aim of this research was to explore the effects and signaling pathway of ultraviolet-B (UVB) irradiation on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and transferrin receptor (TfR). HIF-1α protein was measured by Western blot method. Expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphor-EGF-R and TfR after UVB irradiation were determined with flow cytometry. After UVB irradiation, mRNA levels of HIF-1α and TfR were detected by real time-PCR. Results showed that compared with control groups, UVB was able to induce HIF1α and TfR protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner in HaCat cells (<0.05). TfR mRNA was expressed in a dose-dependent manner and reached a peak at the 8th hour in HaCat cells (<0.05) whereas HIF-1α mRNA expression was not affected by UVB treatment (>0.05). The EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was required for the induction of HIF-1α and TfR expression induced by UVB. UVB induced activation of EGFR in HaCat cells and EGFR regulated expression of TfR and HIF-1α. EGFR (-/-) MEF did not increase the HIF1 expression following UVB irradiation (>0.05). In contrast, EGFR (+/+) MEF strongly enhanced HIF1α expression after UVB irradiation (<0.05). PD153035, a selective inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase, inhibited the TfR protein expression in UVB-treated cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). PI3K inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin, inhibited HIF-1? and TfR expressions induced by UVB (P<0.05). The DEC1 (-/-) Ha-Cat cells did not increase their TfR and HIF-1α expressions following UVB irradiation (>0.05). In contrast, DEC1 (+/+) HaCat cells strongly enhanced TfR and HIF-1? protein expression after UVB irradiation (P<0.05). We conclude that UVB induces TfR and HIF-1αexpressions via EGFR/PI3K/AKT/DEC1 signaling pathway.

RGS16 regulated by let-7c-5p promotes glioma progression by activating PI3K-AKT pathway

《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 143-155 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0929-y

摘要: Gliomas are the most common central nervous system tumours; they are highly aggressive and have a poor prognosis. RGS16 belongs to the regulator of G-protein signalling (RGS) protein family, which plays an important role in promoting various cancers, such as breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. Moreover, previous studies confirmed that let-7c-5p, a well-known microRNA, can act as a tumour suppressor to regulate the progression of various tumours by inhibiting the expression of its target genes. However, whether RGS16 can promote the progression of glioma and whether it is regulated by miR let-7c-5p are still unknown. Here, we confirmed that RGS16 is upregulated in glioma tissues and that high expression of RGS16 is associated with poor survival. Ectopic deletion of RGS16 significantly suppressed glioma cell proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, RGS16 was validated as a direct target gene of miR let-7c-5p. The overexpression of miR let-7c-5p obviously downregulated the expression of RGS16, and knocking down miR let-7c-5p had the opposite effect. Thus, we suggest that the suppression of RGS16 by miR let-7c-5p can promote glioma progression and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in glioma.

关键词: RGS16     let-7c-5p     glioma     proliferation     migration    

Effects of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor on human cervical carcinoma cells

Yuan ZHANG MD , Xiaoyan ZHANG MM , Yanhui LI MM , Xuan DU MM , Zehua WANG MD, PhD , Hongbo WANG MD ,

《医学前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 341-346 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0067-9

摘要: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is a crucial cell survival pathway implicated in tumorigenesis because of its role in stimulating cell proliferation and suppressing apoptosis. This study was to investigate the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis by LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K in cervical cancer cells and the expression of FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) . Human cervical cancer HeLa cells were used in this experiment and cultured. The cultured cells were treated with LY294002 at different concentrations (10, 25, 50 and 100µmol/L) for 6, 12, 24, and 48h before harvesting for evaluation. Cell viability was measured by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol(-2-y1)-3,5-di-phenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of c-FLIP was detected by Western blot. Cell viability was inhibited by LY294002 significantly (<0.05). Flow cytometry analysis revealed that cell apoptosis was significantly increased in the presence of LY294002 as compared with the control group. Although the expression of c-FLIP was increased in a short time, the expression of c-FLIP was markedly suppressed after the treatment of LY294002 for 48h. These results suggested that the PI3K/Akt signal pathway might be involved in the regulation of cell apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Moreover, the regulation of c-FLIP expression through PI3K/Akt signal pathway in cervical cancer cells was observed .

关键词: human cervical cancer cells     apoptosis     phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt     FLICE-like inhibitory protein    

GDF15 negatively regulates chemosensitivity via TGFBR2-AKT pathway-dependent metabolism in esophageal

《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 119-131 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0949-7

摘要: Treating patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is challenging due to the high chemoresistance. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is crucial in the development of various types of tumors and negatively related to the prognosis of ESCC patients according to our previous research. In this study, the link between GDF15 and chemotherapy resistance in ESCC was further explored. The relationship between GDF15 and the chemotherapy response was investigated through in vitro and in vivo studies. ESCC patients with high levels of GDF15 expression showed an inferior chemotherapeutic response. GDF15 improved the tolerance of ESCC cell lines to low-dose cisplatin by regulating AKT phosphorylation via TGFBR2. Through an in vivo study, we further validated that the anti-GDF15 antibody improved the tumor inhibition effect of cisplatin. Metabolomics showed that GDF15 could alter cellular metabolism and enhance the expression of UGT1A. AKT and TGFBR2 inhibition resulted in the reversal of the GDF15-induced expression of UGT1A, indicating that TGFBR2-AKT pathway-dependent metabolic pathways were involved in the resistance of ESCC cells to cisplatin. The present investigation suggests that a high level of GDF15 expression leads to ESCC chemoresistance and that GDF15 can be targeted during chemotherapy, resulting in beneficial therapeutic outcomes.

关键词: GDF15     esophageal squamous cell carcinoma     chemoresistance     cellular metabolism     TGFBR2     AKT    

A 3D porous WP2 nanosheets@carbon cloth flexible electrode for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Mingyu Pi, Xiaodeng Wang, Dingke Zhang, Shuxia Wang, Shijian Chen

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 425-432 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1726-7

摘要:

Self-standing porous WP2 nanosheet arrays on carbon fiber cloth (WP2 NSs/CC) were synthesized and used as a 3D flexible hydrogen evolution electrode. Because of its 3D porous nanoarray structure, the WP2 NSs/CC exhibits a remarkable catalytic activity and a high stability. By using the experimental measurements and first-principle calculations, the underlying reasons for the excellent catalytic activity were further explored. Our work makes the present WP2 NSs as a promising electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution and provides a way to design and fabricate efficient hydrogen evolution electrodes through 3D porous nano-arrays architecture.

关键词: WP2     nanosheet arrays     hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst     flexible electrode    

4Pi荧光超分辨显微术综述 Review

郝翔, 李依明, 傅爽, 李旸晖, 许迎科, 匡翠方, 刘旭

《工程(英文)》 2022年 第11卷 第4期   页码 146-153 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.028

摘要: 回顾这些历程,一个重要的里程碑是基于两个对置物镜的4Pi 显微架构及其超分辨版本的出现。鉴于此,本文综述了4Pi 超分辨显微术的近期进展。总体上,4Pi 超分辨显微镜为透明样品观测提供了一
种能够突破衍射极限、非侵入、各向同性的三维分辨率的技术手段。具体而言,本文针对目标开关和随机开关两个主要4Pi 超分辨显微术版本,讨论了它们的架构、原理、应用和未来发展趋势。

关键词: 荧光超分辨显微术     超分辨成像     4Pi超分辨显微术     isoSTED     4Pi-SMLM    

Fatigue crack growth simulations of 3-D linear elastic cracks under thermal load by XFEM

K. YADAV

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 359-382 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0304-z

摘要: This paper deals with the fatigue crack growth simulations of three-dimensional linear elastic cracks by XFEM under cyclic thermal load. Both temperature and displacement approximations are extrinsically enriched by Heaviside and crack front enrichment functions. Crack growth is modelled by successive linear extensions, and the end points of these linear extensions are joined by cubic spline segments to obtain a modified crack front. Different crack geometries such as planer, non-planer and arbitrary spline shape cracks are simulated under thermal shock, adiabatic and isothermal loads to reveal the sturdiness and versatility of the XFEM approach.

关键词: 3-D cracks     fatigue life     Paris law     thermal load     XFEM    

Low-temperature caproate production, microbial diversity, and metabolic pathway in xylose anaerobic fermentation

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1637-9

摘要:

● Converting xylose to caproate under a low temperature of 20 °C by MCF was verified.

关键词: Xylose fermentation     Caproate     Low temperature     Bifidobacterium     FAB pathway     RBO pathway    

Acetyl salicylic acid attenuates cardiac hypertrophy through Wnt signaling

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 444-456 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0421-z

摘要:

Ventricular hypertrophy is a powerful and independent predictor of cardiovascular morbid events. The vascular properties of low-dose acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) provide cardiovascular benefits through the irreversible inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase 1; however, the possible anti-hypertrophic properties and potential mechanism of aspirin have not been investigated in detail. In this study, healthy wild-type male mice were randomly divided into three groups and subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham operation. The TAC-operated mice were treated with the human equivalent of low-dose aspirin (10 mg·kg−1·d−1); the remaining mice received an equal amount of phosphate buffered saline with 0.65% ethanol, which was used as a vehicle. A cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model induced by angiotensin II (10 nmol·L−1) was treated with the human equivalent of low (10 or 100 µmol·L−1) and high (1000 µmol·L−1) aspirin concentrations in plasma. Changes in the cardiac structure and function were assessed through echocardiography and transmission electron microscopy. Gene expression was determined through RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Results indicated that aspirin treatment abrogated the increased thickness of the left ventricular anterior and posterior walls, the swelling of mitochondria, and the increased surface area in in vivo and in vitro hypertrophy models. Aspirin also normalized the upregulated hypertrophic biomarkers, β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Aspirin efficiently reversed the upregulation of β-catenin and P-Akt expression and the TAC- or ANG II-induced downregulation of GSK-3β. Therefore, low-dose aspirin possesses significant anti-hypertrophic properties at clinically relevant concentrations for anti-thrombotic therapy. The downregulation of β-catenin and Akt may be the underlying signaling mechanism of the effects of aspirin.

关键词: aspirin     Akt     cardiac hypertrophy     GSK-3β     Wnt/β-catenin    

FERM domain-containing protein FRMD6 activates the mTOR signaling pathway and promotes lung cancer progression

《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 714-728 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0959-5

摘要: FRMD6, a member of the 4.1 ezrin–radixin–moesin domain-containing protein family, has been reported to inhibit tumor progression in multiple cancers. Here, we demonstrate the involvement of FRMD6 in lung cancer progression. We find that FRMD6 is overexpressed in lung cancer tissues relative to in normal lung tissues. In addition, the enhanced expression of FRMD6 is associated with poor outcomes in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (n = 75, P = 0.0054) and lung adenocarcinoma (n = 94, P = 0.0330). Cell migration and proliferation in vitro and tumor formation in vivo are promoted by FRMD6 but are suppressed by the depletion of FRMD6. Mechanistically, FRMD6 interacts and colocalizes with mTOR and S6K, which are the key molecules of the mTOR signaling pathway. FRMD6 markedly enhances the interaction between mTOR and S6K, subsequently increasing the levels of endogenous pS6K and downstream pS6 in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, knocking out FRMD6 inhibits the activation of the mTOR signaling pathway in Frmd6−/− gene KO MEFs and mice. Altogether, our results show that FRMD6 contributes to lung cancer progression by activating the mTOR signaling pathway.

关键词: FRMD6     lung cancer     mTOR pathway    

Enhanced triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) degradation through application of an O

Yapeng Song, Hui Gong, Jianbing Wang, Fengmin Chang, Kaijun Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1243-z

摘要: Abstract • UV/O3 process had higher TAIC mineralization rate than O3 process. • Four possible degradation pathways were proposed during TAIC degradation. • pH impacted oxidation processes with pH of 9 achieving maximum efficiency. • CO32– negatively impacted TAIC degradation while HCO3– not. • Cl– can be radicals scavenger only at high concentration (over 500 mg/L Cl–). Triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC, C12H15N3O3) has featured in wastewater treatment as a refractory organic compound due to the significant production capability and negative environmental impact. TAIC degradation was enhanced when an ozone(O3)/ultraviolet(UV) process was applied compared with the application of an independent O3 process. Although 99% of TAIC could be degraded in 5 min during both processes, the O3/UV process had a 70%mineralization rate that was much higher than that of the independent O3 process (9%) in 30 min. Four possible degradation pathways were proposed based on the organic compounds of intermediate products identified during TAIC degradation through the application of independent O3 and O3/UV processes. pH impacted both the direct and indirect oxidation processes. Acidic and alkaline conditions preferred direct and indirect reactions respectively, with a pH of 9 achieving maximum Total Organic Carbon (TOC) removal. Both CO32– and HCO3– decreased TOC removal, however only CO32– negatively impacted TAIC degradation. Effects of Cl– as a radical scavenger became more marked only at high concentrations (over 500 mg/L Cl–). Particulate and suspended matter could hinder the transmission of ultraviolet light and reduce the production of HO· accordingly.

关键词: Triallyl isocyanurate     O3/UV     Advanced oxidation processes (AOP)     Degradation pathway    

Exploring the methodology and application of clinical pathway in evidence-based Chinese medicine

Sicheng Wang, He Yu, Jianping Liu, Baoyan Liu

《医学前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 157-162 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0128-8

摘要: At present, clinical pathway has become one of the most important health care reform measures in many countries. In this study, the authors introduced basic concepts and explored the application of the clinical pathway of evidence-based Chinese medicine incorporated with the methodology from the concepts of management, evidence-based medicine, operational research and health economics. Such concepts provide examples and experiences, on which the application of clinical pathway in Chinese medicine practice in China can be based.

关键词: evidence-based medicine     clinical pathway     methodology     concept     technical difficulty    

Endogenous tissue factor pathway inhibitor in vascular smooth muscle cells inhibits arterial thrombosis

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 403-409 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0522-y

摘要:

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is the main inhibitor of tissue factor-mediated coagulation. TFPI is expressed by endothelial and smooth muscle cells in the vasculature. Endothelium-derived TFPI has been reported to play a regulatory role in arterial thrombosis. However, the role of endogenous TFPI in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in thrombosis and vascular disease development has yet to be elucidated. In this TFPIFlox mice crossbred with Sma–Cre mice were utilized to establish TFPI conditional knockout mice and to examine the effects of VSMC-directed TFPI deletion on development, hemostasis, and thrombosis. The mice with deleted TFPI in VSMCs (TFPISma) reproduced viable offspring. Plasma TFPI concentration was reduced 7.2% in the TFPISma mice compared with TFPIFlox littermate controls. Plasma TFPI concentration was also detected in the TFPITie2 (mice deleted TFPI in endothelial cells and cells of hematopoietic origin) mice. Plasma TFPI concentration of the TFPITie2 mice was 80.4% lower (P<0.001) than that of the TFPIFlox mice. No difference in hemostatic measures (PT, APTT, and tail bleeding) was observed between TFPISma and TFPIFlox mice. However, TFPISma mice had increased ferric chloride–induced arterial thrombosis compared with TFPIFlox littermate controls. Taken together, these data indicated that endogenous TFPI from VSMCs inhibited ferric chloride–induced arterial thrombosis without causing hemostatic effects.

关键词: arterial thrombosis     conditional knockout mice     tissue factor pathway inhibitor     vascular smooth muscle cells    

Control of peak pressures of an HCCI engine under varying swirl and operating parameters

AMBA PRASAD RAO,K. MADHU MURTHY

《能源前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 337-346 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0401-2

摘要: The major advantages of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) are high efficiency in combination with low NO -emissions. However, one of the major challenges with HCCI is the control of higher peak pressures which may damage the engine, limiting the HCCI engine life period. In this paper, an attempt is made to analyze computationally the effect of induction swirl in controlling the peak pressures of an HCCI engine under various operating parameters. A single cylinder 1.6 L reentrant piston bowl diesel engine is chosen. For computational analysis, the ECFM-3Z model of STAR –CD is considered because it is suitable for analyzing the combustion processes in SI and CI engines. As an HCCI engine is a hybrid version of SI and CI engines, the ECFM-3Z model with necessary modifications is used to analyze the peak pressures inside the combustion chamber. The ECFM-3Z model for HCCI mode of combustion is validated with the existing literature to make sure that the results obtained are accurate. Numerical experiments are performed to study the effect of varying properties like speed of the engine, piston bowl geometry, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and equivalence ratio under different swirl ratios in controlling the peak pressures inside the combustion chamber. The results show that the swirl ratio has a considerable impact on controlling the peak pressures of HCCI engine. A reduction in peak pressures are observed with a swirl ratio of 4 because of reduced in cylinder temperatures. The combined effect of four operating parameters, i.e., the speed of the engine, piston bowl geometry, EGR, and equivalence ratio with swirl ratios suggest that lower intake temperatures, reentrant piston bowl, higher engine speeds and higher swirl ratios are favorable in controlling the peak pressures.

关键词: HCCI engine     ECFM-3Z     Swirl ratio     peak pressures     engine speed     piston bowl geometry    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Xiao Ke Qing improves glycometabolism and ameliorates insulin resistance by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway

Xiaoqing Li, Xinxin Li, Genbei Wang, Yan Xu, Yuanyuan Wang, Ruijia Hao, Xiaohui Ma

期刊论文

Ultraviolet-B induced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, transferrin receptor through EGFR/PI3K/AKT/DEC1 pathway

LI Yanhua, BI Zhigang

期刊论文

RGS16 regulated by let-7c-5p promotes glioma progression by activating PI3K-AKT pathway

期刊论文

Effects of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor on human cervical carcinoma cells

Yuan ZHANG MD , Xiaoyan ZHANG MM , Yanhui LI MM , Xuan DU MM , Zehua WANG MD, PhD , Hongbo WANG MD ,

期刊论文

GDF15 negatively regulates chemosensitivity via TGFBR2-AKT pathway-dependent metabolism in esophageal

期刊论文

A 3D porous WP2 nanosheets@carbon cloth flexible electrode for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Mingyu Pi, Xiaodeng Wang, Dingke Zhang, Shuxia Wang, Shijian Chen

期刊论文

4Pi荧光超分辨显微术综述

郝翔, 李依明, 傅爽, 李旸晖, 许迎科, 匡翠方, 刘旭

期刊论文

Fatigue crack growth simulations of 3-D linear elastic cracks under thermal load by XFEM

K. YADAV

期刊论文

Low-temperature caproate production, microbial diversity, and metabolic pathway in xylose anaerobic fermentation

期刊论文

Acetyl salicylic acid attenuates cardiac hypertrophy through Wnt signaling

null

期刊论文

FERM domain-containing protein FRMD6 activates the mTOR signaling pathway and promotes lung cancer progression

期刊论文

Enhanced triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) degradation through application of an O

Yapeng Song, Hui Gong, Jianbing Wang, Fengmin Chang, Kaijun Wang

期刊论文

Exploring the methodology and application of clinical pathway in evidence-based Chinese medicine

Sicheng Wang, He Yu, Jianping Liu, Baoyan Liu

期刊论文

Endogenous tissue factor pathway inhibitor in vascular smooth muscle cells inhibits arterial thrombosis

null

期刊论文

Control of peak pressures of an HCCI engine under varying swirl and operating parameters

AMBA PRASAD RAO,K. MADHU MURTHY

期刊论文